Volume 64, Number 4, August2019

   
  Editorial
245
A Note from the Editor-in-Chief 
Lawrence D. Devoe, M.D.
 
 
 
  Original Articles
247
A Curriculum for the Fourth Year of Medical School: A Survey of Obstetrics and Gynecology Educators 
David A. Forstein, D.O., Samantha D. Buery-Joyner, M.D., Jodi F. Abbott, M.D., LaTasha B. Craig, M.D., John L. Dalrymple, M.D., Scott Graziano, M.D., Brittany S. Hampton, M.D., Laura Hopkins, M.D., Sarah Page-Ramsey, M.D., Archana Pradhan, M.D., Abigail Wolf, M.D., and Margaret Mckenzie, M.D., for the Undergraduate Medical Education Committee, Association of Professors of Gynecology and Obstetrics
For students interested in obstetrics and gynecology, the structure of the fourth year remains challenging. Research suggests a curriculum combining audition rotations with enhancing of medical knowledge.
 
 
256
Analysis of the Trend in the Cost of Professional Liability Insurance and Obstetricians and Gynecologists Workforce in the United States from 2005 to 2015
Edward Kim, M.D., M.P.H., William Rayburn, M.D., M.B.A., and Imam Xierali, Ph.D.
Across the United States there has been a decrease in the cost of professional liability insurance and an increase in the obstetricians and gynecologists workforce. There does not seem to be a relationship between these 2 variables.
 
 
261
Observation of a Robust Immune Inflammatory Response Following Frictional Fabric Cervical Biopsy and Endocervical Curettage During Colposcopy
Arthur Sitelman, M.D., Justin Diedrich, M.D., M.S.C.I., and Neal M. Lonky, M.D., M.P.H.
Cervical biopsy and curettage obtained using frictional fabric-based biopsy brushes during colposcopy induce a persistent inflammatory immune cellular response in cervical tissue.
 
 
265
Ultrasound Measurement of Twin Dividing Membrane Thickness and Risk of Spontaneous Preterm Birth
Luis A. Bracero, M.D., Matthew J. Blitz, M.D., M.B.A., Dara J. Seybold, M.A.A., Mike Broce, B.A., Arsal Khan, B.S., and Sarah J. Turner, M.D.
Prenatal ultrasound measurement of dividing membrane thickness is not associated with spontaneous preterm birth in twin pregnancies. Membrane thickness <1.9 mm is predictive of monochorionicity.
 
 
270
Endometriosis: A Review on New Advances in Clinical Diagnosis and Management
Mashael Marzouq Alshebly, M.D.
The early diagnosis of endometriosis can help mitigate the pain and prevent the development of the disease.
 
 
275
Perturbations in Progesterone Receptor Isoforms in Endometriosis
Abdul Kadir Abdul Karim, M.O.G., Mohamad Nasir Shafiee, Ph.D., Nor Haslinda Abd Aziz, Ph.D., Mohd Hashim Omar, M.O.G., Reena Rahayu Md Zin, Ph.D., and Norfilza M. Mokhtar, Ph.D.
Progestin is a treatment for endometriosis which acts via progesterone receptors. Progesterone receptor isoforms A and B vary according to ovarian-endometrial cycle, site, and treatment.
 
 
282
Recurrent Endometrioma in Infertile Patients Has Worse Outcome than Primary Endometrioma in Response to Controlled Ovarian Hyperstimulation and Intrauterine Insemination
Kiyak Huseyin, M.D., Karacan Tolga, M.D., Bulut Berk, M.D., Ozyurek Eser, M.D., Gedikbasi Ali, M.D., and Api Murat, Ph.D., M.D.
The difference between pregnancy rates in patients with primary or recurrent endometriomas and who undergo treatment with controlled ovarian hyperstimulation+intrauterine insemination was investigated.
 
 
291
Termination of Second Trimester Pregnancy Affected by Thrombocytopenia
Jie Ou, Ph.D., and Xinyan Liu, Ph.D.
The authors evaluate prednisone, platelet transfusion, and the combination of the two methods in the termination of second trimester pregnancies affected by thrombocytopenia.
 
 
294
Association Between Serum Ferritin Concentrations and Menstrual Irregularities in Nondiabetic Korean Women: A Cross-Sectional Study
Ju Hwan Park, M.S., An Na Jung, Ph.D., Eui Hyeok Rhie, B.S., and Jin Hyun Jun, Ph.D.
Menstrual irregularities were found to be related to ferritin concentration in young women with a smoking habit. Proper iron metabolism and smoking cessation should be encouraged for reproductive health.
  Case Reports
303
Acute Exacerbation of Subglottic Stenosis in Pregnancy: A Case Report
Tracy B. Grossman, M.D., M.Sc., Ashutosh Kacker, M.D., Eugene Shostak, M.D., and Inna V. Landres, M.D.
A timed delivery is necessary if a pregnant patient with subglottic stenosis and respiratory compromise requiring tracheostomy is unable to receive optimal treatment in pregnancy.
 
 
307
Testosterone-Producing Ovarian Tumor: A Case Report
Nishita Patel, M.D., John Hoff, M.D., and M. Brigid Holloran-Schwartz, M.D.
The authors describe the case of a woman who presented with a 3-year history of amenorrhea, whose course of treatment revealed a rare cause.
 
 
310
Rare Coexistence of Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser Syndrome and Ovarian Tumor of Low Malignant Potential in a Young Woman: A Case Report
Zhimin Hao, M.D., and Sufen Yang, M.D.
The case presented is unique in that 2 rare pathologies―ovarian tumor of low malignant potential at an early age and Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser syndrome―developed concomitantly in the same patient.
 
 
313
Secondary Vaginal Atresia Treated by Hysteroscopy Combined with Laparoscopy: A Case Report
Xiaochuan Chen, M.D., Haishan Xie, M.D., Shuzhong Yao, M.D., Ph.D., and Shu-Qin Chen, M.D., Ph.D.
A case of secondary vaginal atresia was diagnosed and treated by hysteroscopy combined with laparoscopy.